Labour Laws

 Indian Labour Laws & policies

    India's labour laws are not merely a set of legal provisions—they serve as the backbone of fairness, safety, and social protection for millions of workers across every industry. For business owners, HR professionals, consultants, and students alike, understanding these laws isn’t just beneficial—it’s critical for compliance, empowerment, and ethical business practices.

    This page is built to break down the intricacies of Indian labour law into clear, actionable insights. From wage rules to workplace safety and social security schemes, you'll find a concise, practical overview of the key regulations and benefits every worker—and employer—should be aware of.

    This page is part of an ongoing effort to provide accessible, accurate, and practical information on Indian labour laws—free from jargon, biased, or misleading claims.

Law	What It Does (In Simple Terms)
Code on Wages, 2019	Ensures fair wages, equal pay, and timely salary payments for all workers.
Industrial Relations Code, 2020	Regulates trade unions, strikes, layoffs, and dispute resolution between employers and workers.
Code on Social Security, 2020	Covers benefits like PF, ESI, gratuity, maternity leave, and pensions.
OSH Code, 2020	Ensures safety, health, and working conditions in factories, mines, and other workplaces.
Factories Act, 1948	Sets rules for working hours, safety, and welfare in factories.
Shops and Establishments Act	Regulates working hours, holidays, and conditions in shops and offices (varies by state).
Payment of Wages Act, 1936	Ensures workers get paid on time without unauthorized deductions.
Minimum Wages Act, 1948	Guarantees a minimum wage for different types of work.
Payment of Bonus Act, 1965	Requires eligible employers to pay annual bonuses to employees.
Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972	Provides a lump sum to employees after 5+ years of service.
Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) Act, 1952	Mandates savings for retirement through employer-employee contributions.
Employees’ State Insurance (ESI) Act, 1948	Offers medical and cash benefits to workers earning below a certain limit.
Maternity Benefit Act, 1961	Grants paid maternity leave and job protection to pregnant women.
Child Labour (Prohibition) Act, 1986	Bans employment of children below 14 in hazardous jobs.
Contract Labour (Regulation) Act, 1970	Protects contract workers and regulates their employment conditions.
Trade Unions Act, 1926	Gives legal status to trade unions and protects their rights.
Equal Remuneration Act, 1976	Ensures men and women get equal pay for equal work.